Organizational Culture at Apple Inc - 1727 Words

Organizational Culture at Apple Inc. In the year 1976, it was a dream for most people to buy a computer for their homes. Back then the computer community added up to a few brainy hobbyists. So when Steve Wozniak and Steve Jobs sold a van and two programmable calculators for thirteen hundred dollars and started Apple Computers, Inc., in Jobs garage, the reach for success seemed far. But these two young business men, Wozniak 26 years old and Jobs 21 years old, had a vision. Computers arent for nerds anymore, they announced. Computers are going to be the bicycle of the mind. Low cost computers for everyone. From the first day on the founders of Apple kept their vision intact and they spoke it at every turn. They only hired people into the†¦show more content†¦Next, Apple has proved to be much more innovative in the industry than Microsoft. By trying to be always one step further, Apple has managed to develop the iPod and iTunes, as well as the iPhone which are all complements to the digital industry. Microsoft has not developed anything new and original for a long time now. It seems that all they do is creating advanced version of the operating system that is not always compatible with the old ones. Unlike Microsoft who is desperately trying to buy Yahoo! and stay competitive, Apple does not have to do anything to prove its popularity. It already has faithful customers and their numbers are increasing every day. The reason for this is Apple’s good knowledge in customer base. Apple’s move into new industry may have different effects on its core business. However, given the success of the iPod and iTunes as well as the further promotion on the iPhone, it is safe to say that Apple is doing well in both industries. This means that Apple has already shifted in a different direction (digital music) but so far it has had a lot of success. In fact, some people might have heard about the iPod first, and then found out that Apple is actually a big and successful company that manufacturers computers as well. If a customer is satisfied with one product, he/she will be willing to buy another from the same company. If aShow MoreRelatedOrganizational Culture at Apple Inc Introduction1794 Words   |  8 PagesOrganizational Culture at Apple Inc Introduction Apple Inc. is a global computer manufacturing company that is going through majo r changes in its organizational culture and it’s organizational structure due to several events of the past few years. This is a company that grew extremely fas t in little time, that their management found themselves not being able to keep their operations and finances under control. Apple Inc. has been forced to reeva luate and redesign it’s organizational culture andRead MoreComparing the Organizational Culture of The Microsoft Corporation and Apple Inc1243 Words   |  5 PagesOrganizational comparisons The Microsoft Corporation versus Apple Inc. The IT industry is the fastest developing one in the modern day society and it sets the pace for development in all of the personal and professional sectors of life. And the advancement of the IT industry cannot be imagined any other way than having been driven by the two global giants Apple and Microsoft. The two companies have been competing in the industry ever since they were first created and began to operate. TheRead MoreApple Inc. - Organization Culture and Change1180 Words   |  5 PagesManaging Organization Change Course Project Draft - Prepared By: Preferred Organization: Apple Inc. - Organization Culture and Change Introduction/Organization: In this draft, we would like to discuss about Apple Inc.’s organization culture and major organization change happened in the organization and analysis of a successful organization change. Every organization has a culture of its own. And every organization undergoes organization change depending on the situation, change processRead MoreThe Organizational Strategy Of Apple1383 Words   |  6 PagesApple employs the P-O-L-C framework to develop and implement its strategy rather than the S.W.O.T. model. The P-O-L-C model has four components, namely planning, organizing, leading and controlling. The planning component constitutes the strategy formulation aspect, while the organizing, leading and controlling aspects constitute the strategy implementation aspect. The organizational strategy of Apple, which is a manifestation of its mission and vision statement, is anchored on innovativeness andRead MoreInternal Environment Of Apple Inc. Essay839 Words   |  4 PagesThis section o f the report will examine and analyse the internal environment of Apple Inc. which will cover the organisation structure. The internal environment of Apple Inc. would be examined through the use of SWOT analysis. SWOT analysis is used to analyse an organisation s strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats, in this case, the organisation is Apple Inc. however for the purposes of this section of the report, only the strengths and weaknesses will be examined and analysed. MeyerRead MoreEssay Apple Inc Organization Structure1318 Words   |  6 PagesOrganization or business has to have organizational structure in order to succeed because it prioritizes the hierarchy, identifies the guidelines, policies and procedures needed for a company achieve goals and objectives. The Organizational structure also depicts levels of management from the top down. The organization that I would like to work for is Apple Inc., In this essay, I will give a brief overview of the company’s history, define it organizational structure and effects it have on the successRead MoreOrganizational Development ( Od )1130 Words   |  5 PagesOrganizational development (OD) refers to a process of enhancing personal and organizational change, and increasing the organization’s effectiveness by using interventions that are driven by behavioral and social science knowledge (Brown and Harvey 2011).The main aim of organizational development in any given organization is to bring change that will drive the organization towards attaining effectiveness in its operations. Organizations need to change in order to become more productive, satisfyingRead MoreApple Inc843 Words   |  4 PagesApple Inc. ( formerly Apple Computer, Inc.) is an American multinational corporation that designs and sells consumer electronics, computer software, and personal computers. Apple was established on April 1, 1976 by( Steve Jobs .( Steve Wozniak .( Ronald Wayne. Former : Steve Jobs. (Chairman, 1976-1985, 2011; CEO, 1997–2011)( Current :Tim Cook. As of July 2011, Apple has 364 retail stores in thirteen countries as well as the online Apple Store and iTunes Store . It is the largest publicly-tradedRead MoreAddressing Power And Political Struggles On Organizational Culture1628 Words   |  7 PagesEmpowerment A healthy organizational culture paves the way for cohesiveness and productivity. At times, companies will face the reality of power and political struggles due to competing individual interests. These struggles can create unhealthy organizational culture that prevents a business from being efficient and effective and thwart creativity. This is detrimental to businesses that thrive on creativity and innovation. This paper begins with an introduction of Apple Inc. and the leadership roleRead MoreLeadership: an Integrative Approach1334 Words   |  6 Pagesthat have been credited for or blamed for inspiring people to provoke important historical events. The process of shared influence Yukl (2010) describes, may be as fascinating as recognizing the strength and uniqueness of Apple’s organizational culture and understanding that such knowledge and ability to inspire others was inside Steve Jobs’ powerful mind, and intriguing as accepting that there are scorned personalities that their subordinates conspire to murder them which is the case of

Effects Of Drought And Advancing Desertification Essay

Of Morocco’s 446,550 square kilometers, around 18% of the land is arable which is widely used for agriculture because of the fertile soil. The climate of Morocco is subtropical and moderate, despite interior parts of the country having harsh dessert climate with variable extremes in temperature. Natural resources in Morocco include phosphate, barite, cobalt, fluorspar and lead. Due to the country’s fertile land, agricultural products also play a key role in the economy. This includes tomatoes, mandarins/clementines/tangerines, oranges and olives. Morocco also exports consumer goods such as textiles and leather goods with reflects on an abundance of livestock such as cattle and sheep (for wool). (Economy Industry.†) Drought and advancing desertification is one impact of climate change which is often widely felt in Morocco along with other countries in Northwest Africa. This is especially damaging to the agricultural industry in Morocco. The most apparent changes stemming from climate change are increasing temperatures and reduced rainfall. Increasing population has put pressure on the slow growing agricultural industry which is having trouble meeting the demands of the county’s population. With about 3,400 kilometers of coastlines, Morocco is also vulnerable to sea level rise and most of it’s economic activity occurs near the coast. This shows that climate change is a real threat to agriculture, fishing, water supplies, tourism and the unique ecosystems of the country.Show MoreRelatedThe Causes Of Famine1354 Words   |  6 Pagesunfortunately those who need it do not have access to it. There are multiple reasons to cause famine, and in On the causes of Famine; drought, desertification, and market failure in the Sudan by Lennart Olsson, the author talks of the three main causes in Sudan, a large country on the east of Africa. Drought could be said to be the biggest cause, as it effects not only crop development. Many people die from dehydration as there is no clean water source. People have to walk long ways to find aRead MoreGreen And Social Responsibility For Global Warming1771 Words   |  8 PagesThe adoption of gen strategies by governments and most industry players is informed by the adverse effects of climate change that continue to increase the costs of production while at the same time accelerating environmental degradation. Currently, the world has put more emphasis on going green and embracing socially responsible approaches. The rising costs of climate change and the debilitating effects of global warming have been the main reasons for the vibrant state of going green and socially responsibilityRead MoreThe Effects of Global Warming4458 Words   |  18 PagesTECHNICAL REPORT WRITING (TA C312) – GROUP REPORT TECHNICAL REPORT WRITING (TA C312) – GROUP REPORT The Effects of Global Warming The Effects of Global Warming Acknowledgement We would like to thank Dr M.G. Prasuna, Head- Languages Group, BITS-Pilani Hyderabad Campus for giving us an opportunity of preparing a group report on ‘The Effects of Global Warming’ as an evaluation component for the course Technical Report Writing (TA C312). It would not have been possible to prepare it withinRead MoreWaste Management Business Plan in Nigeria10989 Words   |  44 Pagesresource for agriculture and other economic activities. But the Sahara desert is advancing southwards at the rate of 6.0 percent every year. Consequently, Nigeria loses about 350,000 hectares of land every year to desert encroachment. This has led to demographic displacements in villages across 11 states in the North. It is estimated that Nigeria loses about $5.1billion every year owing to rapid encroachment of drought and desert in most parts of the north. Very few farmers in Nigeria actually knowRead MoreAn Article On Earth Essay10094 Words   |  41 Pagesso, without tidal effects, Earth will move to an orbit 1.7 AU (250,000,000 km) from the Sun, when the star reaches its maximum radius. The planet was, therefore, initially expected to escape envelopment by the expanded Sun s sparse outer atmosphere, though most, if not all, remaining life would have been destroyed by the Sun s increased luminosity (peaking at about 5,000 times its present level).[78] A 2008 simulation indicates that Earth s orbit will decay due to tidal effects and drag, causingRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 19 00 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagestransformative processes that were clearly major departures from those that defined the nineteenth-century world order. On the other, it perversely unleashed forces that would undermine Western world dominance and greatly constrict the forces advancing globalization, both of which can be seen as hallmarks of the opening decades of the twentieth century. This intermingling of the forces and processes that were arguably essential components 2 †¢ INTRODUCTION of two epochs we routinely

Sociology for Science and Ecosystem Management- myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theSociology for Science and Ecosystem Services Management. Answer: This study examines the change in the biodiversity of the forests in the Bolivian Amazon as the culture of the indigenous people shifts from the traditional to the modern. The alpha tree diversity in the region was chosen as a parameter to assess how changes in behaviour and culture of the Tsimane' communities impact the biodiversity. The contact of the indigenous people with the Christian missionaries, the Andean colonists, logging companies and market traders has brought about cultural changes. The management of sacred groves and tree diversity has been affected due to the change. The Tsimane' people have a set of rituals and taboos that has led to conservation of biodiversity in the sacred groves. As they come in contact with market traders and cattle ranchers the change in their values caused them to alter their beliefs. Tree species that were earlier considered taboo are no longer feared. While the elders of the community believe in the concept of spirits, the Tsimane' living in towns do not hold similar beliefs (Guze, 2015). Another study on the Bolivian Amazon inhabitants points at the changes in traditional ecological knowledge due to increased interaction with the mainstream Bolivian society (Reyes-Garca, et al., 2014). Biodiversity is indeed linked to the cultural values of populations. The study inferred that tree diversity was affected due to acculturation of the Tsimane' community. When the diversity index called Fisher's Alpha was used to calculate the impact of diversity, it was significant in relation to acculturation. The Shannon index when calculated also showed the impact of acculturation on tree diversity. Previous disturbances to the forest cover by causes other than Tsimane' community were not part of the study and may have influenced the biodiversity of the assessed forest region. The study should have accounted for ecological disturbances caused by culture change in a larger sampling area than was considered as part of this study. However, the study is beneficial because it draws out the salient features of the culture of Tsimane' community and its impact on conserving the biodiversity of the flora in the region. Ormsby, A Ismail, S (2015). Cultural and ecological insights into sacred groves: managing timber resources for improved grove conservation. Forests, trees and livelihoods, 24(4):255-258. This study analyses how in the Kodagu district of South India the conservation of a species of timber, Disoxylem malabaricum has been successful due to the preservation of forests designated as 'sacred groves' by the local populace. The forests are managed by the community and the protection is offered as part of spiritual customs. But a recent study has pointed at changes in culture and the tendency to extract forest resources has led to encroachment and this has affected some rare local species. From what was once an area maintained by the local community where conservation was practised as a religion in service to the deity of a sacred grove is losing rare species due to increased human activity. The protection to the forest area has weakened (Ormsby Ismail, 2015). The study suggests interaction between the local community and forest department could improve the management of the sacred groves. It also suggests that better conservation of the timber species is possible through silviculture management. These points could help device policy on how to incorporate traditional methods of conservation of forests in the present context. It is interesting to note how safeguarding the ecosystem and protection of biodiversity are a part of the cultural ethos of some communities. Another study in the area points at human encroachment due to road widening, mini hydel projects and laying of cables contribute to the loss of biodiversity in the area and shrinking areas of the sacred groves (Rajesh, 2016). This study evaluates the effect of the 'sacred groves' in a South Indian district effectively and suggests further improvement through silk worm rearing in conjunction with conservation through cultural inputs. Ormsby, A (2013). Analysis of local attitudes toward the sacred groves of Meghalaya and Karnataka, India. Conservation and Society, 11(2):187-197. This study conducted in Meghalaya, India, mentions that the arrival of Christian missionaries in the area helped start modern education but the philosophy of the local people and their traditions did not receive much respect (Ormsby A. , 2013). The study compares the sacred groves in areas that are biodiversity hotspots- Meghalaya in North East India and the Kodagu district in the state of Karnatakaby analysing their cultural values. Whereas, similar conservation through sacred forests in Karnataka's Kodagu district received support because they were Hindus. Several traditions were analysed and compared and locals from both regions, that is, Meghalaya and Karnataka were interviewed to ask what actions were prohibited in the sacred forests. Hunting and felling of trees was not allowed in both cases but less invasive activity, such as, carrying of small forest produce - leaf litter, soil, twigs was permitted. Both the communities believed that not following the rules could cause some h arm to the people who broke rules. Ceremonies and rituals are still held to offer prayers in the Kodagu district while in Meghalaya the change of religion has meant that the rituals and prayers are followed to a lesser extent. The awareness among the communities about the need to conserve the sacred groves is higher in Meghalaya than in the Kodagu district (Ormsby A. , 2013). This study conducts an in depth analysis of two biodiversity hotspots in India, namely, in Meghalaya and Karnataka. The impact of education, acculturation of the indigenous people, their changing value systems is studied thoroughly. Several parameters have been considered- restrictions on use of forest resources, festivals and rituals associated with the sacred groves have been studied in depth. An interesting finding is that modern education has made the tribal people in Meghalaya more sensitive to the requirement of conservation of the sacred forests. The authors have not been able to analyse why the people associated with sacred forests in Meghalaya are successful at conservation even though their understanding of culture is lesser than other communities. The spiritual connection of the people in the Kodagu forests has been explained well. The paper draws on important points while comparing the two biodiversity hotspots. However, very few forests could be reached and the sample si ze remained small. Parotta, J., Yeo-Chang, Y Camcho, L (2016). Trditional knowledge for sustainable forest management and provision of ecosystem services, International journal of biodiversity science and ecosystem services management, 12(1-2):1-4. Ecological resilience has been practised by indigenous communities all over the world. The Dayak Tunjung community in East Borneo, rural communities in Northern Ghana have rules regulations taboos and customs that revolve round principles of sustainable use of natural resources. The values that guide traditional management of resources has withstood the pressure of time, of geopolitical change and is based on the experience of several generations. It would be important for the younger generation to remain involved in sustainable management of resources while managing the pressure of resource utilization (Parotta, Yeo-Chang, Camacho, 2016). This paper discusses the culturally sustainable methods adopted by indigenous communities in East Borneo and this has led to sustainable use of forest resources and helped to maintain the biodiversity of flora and fauna. The paper has described all aspects of the benefits of traditional forest management, namely, sustainability, traditional wisdom that has prevented over-exploitation of forest resources and yet some forest produce reaches the market and provides economic benefits to the local people. More elaboration on how the practices of local people could benefit policy makers would have made the study more useful. References Guze, M. L.-G.-M.-G. (2015). Shifts in indigenous culture relate to forest tree diversity: a case study from the Tsimane, Bolivian Amazon. Biological Conservation, 186, 251259. . Ormsby, A. (2013). Analysis of local attitudes toward the sacred groves of Meghalaya and Karnataka, India. Conservation and Society, 11(2):187-197. Ormsby, A., Ismail, S. (2015). Cultural and ecological insights into sacred groves: managing timber resources for improved grove conservation. Forests, trees and livelihoods, 24(4):244-258. Parotta, J., Yeo-Chang, Y., Camacho, L. (2016). Traditional knowledge for sustainable forest management and provision of ecosystem services. International journal of biodiversity science and ecosystem services management, 12(1-2):1-4. Rajesh, B. (2016). Sacred Groves: Floristic Diversity and their Role in Conservation of Nature. . Forest Research, 5:161. . Reyes-Garca, V., Paneque-Glvez, J., Luz, A., Gueze, M., Maca, M., Orta-Martnez, M., Pino, J. (2014). Cultural change and traditional ecological knowledge. An empirical analysis from the Tsimane' in the Bolivian Amazon. Human Organisation , 73(2):162-173.

The #1 Quickest Way to Make Money As a Blogger

Do you spend countless hours trying to come up with the perfect topic for your blog? Do you also itch to find out if anyone left a comment or shared your latest post? If youre anything like me, writing for your blog is not a chore, but an exciting opportunity. Every month you come up with awesome blog posts and hope they reach your target audience. While most bloggers start off not thinking about making money from their blog, after a while they start to think maybe they can earn some cash by blogging. So, naturally you start to explore different ways to monetize your blog, but after six months youre finding what little money you are earning doesnt help pay the bills. Can blogging be a viable career choice? It can, but the traditional methods youre familiar with take a long time to blossom into steady income. According to Sue Dunlevie from Successful Blogging, it can take up to 6 months to make money with your own products, while affiliate products can take up to two months to see any profit. And heres what Amy Lynn Andrews has to say about this: I’d say give yourself at least 6 months before you start pulling in an income. And even then, it’ll most likely be coffee money. This isnt unusual for bloggers. For many, it can be up to a year after starting a blog to really see any profitable success. Stings, doesnt it? Heres Why You Arent Making Money Blogging There are many reasons why youre not as successful as other bloggers you know, but for today, lets talk about three core reasons why its easy to fail. 1. You Dont Think Your Blog is a Business Let me ask you this: When you first started blogging, what were your initial intentions? Was it to have a public diary of sorts? Or, was it to have a place to store all your ideas and tips? Maybe you just wanted to share your personal stories because you thought it would help someone out there. So, when you decided to start monetizing your blog, you werent in the business mindset. You viewed your blog as a hobby. A side project. If you truly want to be successful, you need to treat your blog like a business. This means you: Consistently publish content – theres no skipping a week or weeks when you want to make money with your blog Have a marketing plan – do you have a plan to generate more traffic? Do you have a plan to network with other bloggers to help grow your blog? Have multiple streams of income – do you have a product? Are you focusing on other projects in case your strategy to monetize your blog doesnt pan out? 2. You Have No Focus Sometimes bloggers lack focus and end up blogging about all their favorite topics. One day they write about WordPress plugins and the next they write about easy ways to include spinach in your diet. When you have no niche, youll struggle to have an audience. A niche – a topic or passion – is something top bloggers have and they exclusively blog about it. This is partly the reason why they can generate hundreds of shares and comments. But, dont you think readers will get sick and tired of reading about the same thing? Well no. People want to become invested in your blog and to do that they need to know what you primarily blog about. Take my blog for example. Im a freelance writer and blogger, so I tend to write about both those topics. I tend to write more freelance writing topics than anything else, but I know my audience is made up of more than just writers. I know bloggers and other WAHMs follow me. So, I do my best to include topics for all my audience. And since Ive been true to my word, my audience   knows what type of content I provide, which helps me grow my audience. 3. Blogging Takes Time Blogging is a gigantic commitment and many bloggers burn out. They either lost the passion they had to blog, or are battling bloggers block. If you truly want to make any kind of money , you have to invest in your blog like its a client. This is exactly what I do. I create a content schedule for my blog and one or two days a week I write my blog post, edit my post, find a feature image and package it up all nice and pretty before I publish it. I have to make room in my schedule for my blog. While my blog helps me land clients, I hope to leverage it in the near future once I launch my course for freelance writers. So, dont expect to have a huge following after blogging for a month. Creating great content and promoting your posts doesnt happen overnight. Now that you know the main reasons why your blog isnt making money, is there anything else you can do to earn a decent income without it taking a year? Theres definitely a quicker way to earn cash with your blog. Its the fastest way any blogger can earn big bucks. Your Ticket to Making Mounds of Cash With Your Blog The easiest and quickest way to start earning money from your blog is to offer a service. And since your talent is blogging, why not become a freelance blogger? Adam Connell from Blogging Wizard said: And its true. The average blogger will have much more success freelancing their blogging skills out than with trying to generate more traffic and promoting ads on their blog. For me, not even two months after I started freelance writing from scratch, I ended up landing a blogging gig for $100 a post. That month I earned $400. As a first time blogger, could you earn that much money from your blog in that amount of time? Okay, how can a blogger become a freelance blogger? What are the steps? My Quick Step Freelancing Guide for Bloggers You might think you need a degree or have amazing writing skills to be a freelance blogger, but you dont. Before I started freelancing, I worked as a teacher. My background is in psychology. As long as you know how to write for the web youll have no problems finding blogging gigs. Here are five things you can do in the next two months to land your first blogging client. In Your First Month One of the first things you can do is put up a Services page on your blog. You can title it Hire Me,   Let Me Help You or whatever fits your brand. Explain what type of services you can do. For freelance blogging you can offer: Editing Rewrites Copywriting Article writing Blog writing If you want to offer more than only content services, you can also promote other services like: Blog coaching ebook design Logo design Website design Social media management Blog management Try not to list a million services; I would stick to blog writing, editing and social media management as my main categories, and within each category explain what I can do for a client. Once you have a service page up, the next thing you want is to align your blog with your services page. I can quickly think of two blogs that brilliantly align their blog topics with the services they offer. They are Twelveskip and Quicksprout. If you find your blog doesnt lend well to this, you might find it a bit more difficult to leverage your blog for freelancing. This just means you have to work a little differently. For instance, you may find that your blog can lend you samples when you pitch. If your niche is parenting, use those blog posts as samples for your portfolio, rather than trying to fit your blog with your services. This is how freelance writer Lisa C. Baker used her blog about being a supermom to help her land freelance blogging clients. Finally, finish your month by landing guest posts in the niche or niches you want to write for. Target popular and niche-specific blogs. Be sure to give these bloggers your best content because their blog is seen by thousands more people than your blog. Before you submit your guest posts, work on crafting a solid author bio. Prospective clients will hopefully see your author bio and visit your services page to see what youre all about. In Your Second Month Now its time to source gigs. Places like Problogger and Blogging Pro have job boards for bloggers. Visit them daily and note any gigs that interest you. When you see a gig that really interests you, send your pitch. A pitch is an email that: Explains who you are (a freelance writer with expertise in your niche) Provides proof you are a writer (guest posts and your portfolio) Details your experience and skill set Showcases any noteworthy things (a feature on a popular blog for example) Most prospective clients want a blog writer that has written for blogs before, has a social presence online and can create awesome content. The more you pitch the better chance you have at landing your first client. If you build your brand and social media presence, you might notice prospective clients reaching out to you for content. This is only a quick step guide. To really leverage your blogging background, you would want a separate website with your services, like I have with Innovative Ink. But, that doesnt mean you cant start setting up your services page to see if you can land a couple writing gigs. Start Making Money As a Blogger Today Dont wait for an affiliate payout of only dollars. Start making money today by positioning your blog as a service-based business. If you need more help setting up your freelance blogging service, I have a free mini-course on Getting Paid to Write Online. Join the hundreds of aspiring writers and bloggers on learning how to get started with their freelancing. Now its your turn – do you find it hard to make blogging a success? Maybe consider freelance blogging! Tell me in the comments.

buy custom Car Audio essay

buy custom Car Audio essay Entertainment has remained one of the most valuable things in life. Everyone wants to feel entertained at all times and anywhere, including in the car. Listening to music, watching videos or any other audio forms of records as Mp3s is are some of the basic undertakings that are used to ensure that one is entertained. Many people opt for fixing car audio into their automobiles to achieve this. Despite the fact that cars usually have an already fitted audio system, some people go ahead to change it and fix new ones that they feel comfortable with. To many, music has been the driving force behind such efforts. Some people look for systems that are loud enough while others prefer installing systems that are cool in nature. This depends on individual tastes and preferences. Therefore, car audio systems have different characteristics associated with them. These characteristics or properties make audio systems either necessary or unnecessary depending on how people perceive them. This paper seeks to evaluate different issues surrounding car audio, in relating to its pros and cons. Therefore, it presents the issue on car audio in an argumentative manner, seeking to expound on unethical and the unethical issues associated with car audio systems. Finally, it will be evident whether car audio is necessary or not. Much is expected from evaluating the car audio topic. Firsts, a lot will be learnt in relation to what are the advantages and disadvantages of car audio of different properties. In addition, the best ways to install these systems will also be learnt, thus acquiring sufficient knowledge about car audio systems. The research will also educate on many issues associated with loud sound music. Some of the sources used for this research are talking about how to select the best system based on different reasons. This implies that they look at the good and the bad about different options. The History of Car Audio According to a motor website, Auto, the first mobile car audio device was manufactured in the 1930 by the Galvin brother s, Paul, and Joseph Galvin. The two were able to produce the pioneer gadget through the Galvin manufacturing corporation, which the co owned. This firs car audio device was a radio, named Motorola. A Blaupunkt in 1952 and latter by stereo and FM in the 1960s followed the Motorola radio (Unknown Author). However, according to Erb, attempt to integrate new broadcasting devices in cars begun as early as 1920s when portable battery radios were installed in cars. Iconic figures behind the early attempts include George frost, who adapted and installed a radio in his Ford-T-Model in 1922. Mass production of car radios started probably in late 1920s when companies like the American Mohawk corp. produced the Batt. 115-1926. Development of the car audio devices progressed through the 1950s when AM car radios were common (Kerry 92). The 8-tape player came in the 1960s followe d by the cassettes in the 70s. The cassettes became more popular and wiped out the 8-tape players but to replace soon after by car radios that could pick FM signals. The FM car radios had fantastic sound qualities than the AM receivers. In 1984, two electronics giants Philips and Sony introduced the first ever car CD players, which was subsequently replaced by the automatic CD changers. During this period, the CDs were being used in cars together with the cassettes. However, the overall face of the car audio industry was revolutionized in 2000s apple introduced portable gadgets like the iPod, which could be fixed in a car (Kerry, 119). This was accompanied by rapid development of the complete audio system ranging from speakers to amplifiers. This cascade in developments of the car audio devices indicates that it is necessary to have them in a car. The efforts put in by various organizations cannot be used to justify the negative effects of car audio. This is because, at least it has been used for a long time meaning that its pros are heavier that the cons, thus necessitating the need have these systems in cars even to hitherto. The Use of a Car Audio Car audio systems are the best source of entertainment while driving or even for other people on board a vehicle. Most people consider having the best audio system immediately after they buy their cars, perhaps to ensure that they get the best in terms of sound quality. However, the biggest question remains whether ones need the stereo systems in his or her car or not. Since music is, an emotional phenomenon, one does not need to be a music enthusiast to enjoy it. This implies that one can enjoy music played in their cars, whether loud or indifferent. Therefore, the answerer on whether to have a car audio system installed is obviously yes. In line with this, not only music can be listened to while in the car. Other items such as news can be listened too. A car audio system serves as an information source tool. This is because it enables one to get different information. This can be used to mean that a car's audio systems should be treated as a necessity rather that a luxury because i t acts as an information tool. However, it is worth insisting that music can be detractive at some point, the fact that it sometimes engages individual emotions is in itself a critical issue. This means that car audio may as well serve as an object that can interfere with alertness while on the road, especially when one is driving. In addition, not every one may enjoy the type of music played in a car especially for public service vehicles. This means that fitting the car with whatever music system is less weighty. The cast that come along purchasing a car audios system is sometimes high. Therefore, there is the need to consider the cost before selecting a particular one. According to a complaints board, a car audio system is not something that one should spend too much money on. This because one may end up buying an expensive system only to realize they can help them anymore. Such eventualities are caused b lack of information while purchasing such systems. In addition, one may decide to sell his or her car sooner than expected. This means that the money used in installing an expensive system will have been lost in a broader sense. However, such effects can be shielded by including the expenses incurred into the price one intends to sell his or her automobile. In addition, the systems can be replaced with another one prior to selling, and latter reselling the system separately. Such possibilities may it necessary to install an expensive car audio system without the worry of losing upon resale of a car. Most people have been victims of ignorance about why a car audio system in necessary. The cost of purchasing has dominated many peoples minds thus hindering them from utilizing the benefits that come with such systems. According to Gitundu, the question of whether to have a car audio system is an age old. This is simply because a car cannot be complete without an audio system. This is true because everyone seem to agree. The fact that all manufactures fix an audio system prior to selling cars is evident that it is insensitive to drive a soundless car. If a car is designed without such a system, then boredom would be the order of the day when driving. Apart from being fearfully silent, a car lacks the psychological importance of learning from what we listen to. As already mentioned, music or any other audio information played may have an impact on our lives. Therefore, failure to listen to the inspirational music or talks can deny one a chance learns things that could feed their imagi nations and result in some personal development. All these reasons support the view of why a car should have an audio system, whether ordinary or complicated. Contrary to this argument, not everyone will play suitable material in our systems. This means that what we listen while driving could be detrimental too. However, this cannot be in any way a substantial reason to assert that audio systems in a car are unnecessary. After all, the choice of the material to listen depends of individual choices. Cost of Car Audio According to Doug Newcomb, Mike Mettler (p. 11), most people would prefer going for the most expensive systems. However, such individuals only come to learn of their inability to have the system due to the reality of their financial situations. Therefore, one needs to be fully aware of the financial repercussion of buying a system because some of them are extremely expensive. The price factor portrays the need to have an audio system fitted into the car irrelevant. This is because there are other cheaper alternative audio systems that are cheap compared to others. This means that one can choose to go for them and avoid expensive ones. The most notable thing is to hear what comes from the system and not how it comes out of the system. Cheaper options are thus the best options when it comes to purchasing such systems. On the other hand, it is arguably true to say that, expensive systems are cheap.A crucial thing about car audio systems in that one does not have to buy everything at once. This implies that they can be purchased in turns, par by part until a whole system is assembled (Newcomb and Mettler 12). One can start by buying a head unit to power the speakers, followed by amplifier, speakers, and eventually subwoofers. This purchasing model ensures that one gets his or her car fitted with the best audio system without financial struggles. The reason behind the cost of installing an audio system in a car can be dissolved this way since one can take as long as they want to install a quality system. In fact, Newcomb and Mettler give an example of a guideline, which one can use to allocate and procure different portions of a system (13). The amplifier should cost about 40%, speakers 30%; head unit 20% and finally 10% should go to accessories. These allocations can enable one to pan well financial ly, and thus go progressively to a perfectly powerful audio system. Therefore, the cost should not be a bother and anybody should feel free to go for any system of his or her choice. A costly car audio system may also attract unnecessary attentions. Some of the attention could be harmful while other may bring the feeling of pride. Some cars cannot even be driven on the streets because they are so much pimped with expensive items (Yoder, 1: Newcomb Mettler, 12). This means that such car require a lot of security surveillance as it may attract the wrong attention; of course from thieves. For instance, considering a competition car whose amplifiers or even speakers are coated with gold, it is obvious that some ill-minded people will try stealing the gold. This implies that the audio system has served as a negative instead of a positive tool. However, Yoder posits that there is no need of buying too expensive systems that can increase e chances of being robbed (16). Instead, one should go for cheaper but efficient system that will equally serve well than the expensive ones. Therefore, the issue of avoiding installing superb audio systems in the cars because of the pr ice and attention they would bring should not be a factor to say that they are unnecessary. Some audio systems have security features that come with them. For instance, some have a removable head unit that can be carried in the pocket when the owner of a car is always or in dangerous environments. The removable head carries the basic control systems of a car meaning that it portability minimizes theft. In addition, modern systems have a security code, which makes them useless to anybody intending to use them without the security code. Although the two security measures are becoming less popular, more advanced security techniques are being developed to safeguard car audio systems especially the expensive ones. According to Yoder (17), the most convenient safety tool is using detachable faceplate. This is because its removal disables the entire system thus thieves will not see any value in the system. Such security applications make the systtems safe for use, meaning that installing tem should not be a problem. Choosing a System for a Car Many people value the aesthetic value of a car audio system as much as they value the sound. Therefore, there are other critical considerations to put in place in order to choose the best system. For instance, one has to understand the actual reason why they are going for certain systems. This is because the market is saturated with a variety of audio systems that can be used to serve a different purpose. Some are designed for fun while others are designed in more or less an executive design. According to Newcomb and Mettler, an automobile that is used to transport people should not go for a flashy audio system (12). This is because not everybody using the motor vehicle could be interested to viewing your system for any reason. Beside, no one could even ever notice it because its location is not conducive to the vehicle users site. This means that such automobile should be fitted with ordinary systems that are not shouting too much. This means that audio systems will be necessary in such a scenario, but the intended purpose has to be considered. On the other hand, a personal car has not deterrent reasons as to why they should not be fitted with flashy audio systems. This could be for enjoyment reasons especially when going for shows and other forms of luxurious outings. This crates a sense of elf satisfaction and fashion too. Effects of Car Audio Systems Since it is clear that car audio systems are meant to produce some sound, whether loud or not, it has some effects among the people. Loud noise can cause either temporary or permanent loss of hearing. This implies that the affected individual cannot individual may have lost his or her hearing ability completely, or can hear properly. Shockingly, either of this conditions could be result even one has been exposed to loud noise for any duration (Gelfand 63). This means that exposure to loud music can cause either of these effects. Medics have indicated that loud noise cause loss of hearing by damaging the ear stereocilia, a portion of the ear found in the cochlea, which harbors a critical fluid that enables hearing (71). Stressing of this vital structure by loud noise is responsible for the detracted hearing mechanisms of hearing. Car audio systems are some of the devises that can cause loud noise when adjusted to high volumes thus subjecting to ear damage. This is because some people prefer listening to loud music, oblivious of the biological effects it can bring. In addition, such loud sounds affect not only the individual in the car, but also other people are near. For instance, many people are likely to be affected when a single car in a traffic jam plays loud music. Unfortunately, sound cannot be physically blocked and will thus affect anybody within the areas it is heard (Vermeer and Passchier 125). Other health effects f loud noise include stress, tinnitus, vasoconstriction, and hypertension, all of which can be fatal to our lives (Gelfand, 70). Association of such serious conditions with a loud noise is just like suggesting that car audio kills, though indirectly. This may be used to mean tha t an audio system in a car is unnecessary. However, the biological damages such as those caused to the years are based on the sound characteristic of whether it is loud or not. This means that sound levels can be regulated, kept low and optimal, thus pacifying the biological assertions associated with loud music. In some art of the world, the issue of unnecessary sounds coming from cars has been taken particularly seriously to the extent of stabling laws the control it. For instance, the United States Supreme Court has granted local authorities the power to restrict sound levels. This effort is mainly geared towards protecting people from different negative effects associated with loud music. This concern led to what was known as the 'big bass car stereo phenomenon in California, which began in the 1980s (Barnet Burriss, 243). This was after it emerged that the higher stereo ordinances had high frequencies, which affected people negatively by causing annoyance and stress. Therefore, the law, which came into effect in January 1, 1990, made it illegal to operate a car emitting noise that can be heard over a distance of fifty feet. The issues of loud noise coming from car stereos were of immense concern to many people. This is because similar laws were formulated in the south, Midwest, and coas tal regions of the US (244). Although there is much concern on the effects caused by the car audio systems, it is incorrect to assert that they should not be installed in automobiles. The debatable issue remains whether they should be loud or not. Since there are already existing noise pollution laws in different parts of the world, the only thing that should be done is enforcing these laws. This means ensuring that the noise lees are fixed at reasonable limits and restricted to certain areas. With proper regulation mechanisms, it is will easier to justify why car audio device should be installed in automobiles. In conclusion, the decision whether to have a car audio system or not is entirely based on personal preferences. However, having a sound system in a car is extremely valuable. It has a number of benefits ranging from entertainment to learning. Although car audio systems have the main disadvantage of being noisy, they cannot be ruled out as unacceptable. It is worth noting that the sound levels emanating from a car depends on the users. This implies that people should be help individually accountable to the noise, if they chose to put on music with extreme sounds. The assumptions of the systems are noisy cannot thus not be used to generalize inadmissibility of such devices in cars. The car audio systems have a rich historical background. This shows man has always wanted to feel entertained even when driving thus necessitating the installations of such gadgets. Buy custom Car Audio essay

How to Cancel ACT Test Registration

How to Cancel ACT Test Registration SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Have an ACT date coming up that you can’t make or think you’re not going to do well on? Learn here how to cancel ACT tests or change your ACT test date. Additionally, we'llalso cover some reasons why you might cancel your ACT registration – and help you decide if canceling is truly the best move. How to Cancel Your ACT Registration Completely Unfortunately, there is not really any way to flat-out cancel your ACT registration. According to the ACT's website, "If you decide you do not want to test,your basic registration fee and any additional service fees (e.g., late registration, test center change) are nonrefundable." Optional services (like additional score reports), however, are refundable. That means your options are to change your test date (we have a how-to below), or, if you’ve decided not to take the ACT again or at all, to simply not show up and accept the fact you’ve lost money. If you do not test, your test won’t be scored and no score report will be created for that test date. This means if you haven’t registered for the ACT yet, only register if you are 100% certain you will be taking the ACT at some point! How to Change Your ACT Test Date This is the best option if you still want to take (or re-take) the ACT, but you can’t make it on the date you signed up for. (You can also do this if an emergency comes up on test day and you have to no-show.) Log into your ACT account and select â€Å"make changes to your registration." You can do this at any point before the next ACT test you want to take. However, note that if you are doing this before the last test of the academic year (June) you won’t be able to make changes until July when the tests for the next academic year open for registration. (If this is the case for you, simply don't show up for the June test, and you will be able to transfer that registration to a later test once the new dates open up.) To change your test date, click the "change" button next to "Test Date and Test Option." You will be able to sign up for a future test date, though you will have to pay the $25 test date change fee. Make sure to do this no later than the registration deadline for your new test date or else you'll also have to pay the $27.50 late registration fee. If there is space available for your test option (either ACT or ACT Plus Writing) at your preferred test center on your new test date, you will be assigned there. You will be charged up front when you register for your new test for the cost of taking the ACT. However, the fee for your original test will be refunded – meaning the only additional charge is the test change fee. Can You Get a Refund? You won’t be able to get a refund for your basic registration fee or fees for late registration or test date change. Basically, once you’ve paid for the ACT, you’re never going to see that money again, whether you end up testing or not. Another reason you should really think carefully before signing up for the ACT. However, you can get some money back for optional services if you signed up for them: score reports for 5th and 6th colleges ($12 each), test information release ($20), or ACT With Writing ($16.50). To request a refund, write "REFUND" on your unusedticket and mail it to ACT, or write a letter including your identifying information and the test date and test option for which you registered. Label your envelope "REFUND." Refunds will be issued about eight weeks after the test date. Send your refund request here: ACT 301 ACT DriveP.O. Box 414Iowa City, IA 52243-0414U.S.A. Also note that ACT doesn't issue refunds after July 31st for the previous academic year of testing. Are You Sure You Want to Cancel Your ACT? Your choices for â€Å"canceling† your ACT date are either to no-show (and not register for a future ACT) or simply to change your test date. Given that you’ve already paid money that can’t be refunded for the ACT, make sure you think carefully before no-showing. In the vast majority of cases it makes sense to either take the test or move to a later test date rather than no-show completely. You can make a lot of progress in a short amount of time studying for the ACT, so if you're nervous about not doing well, consider an intense study regimen in the weeks before the test. And if you're certain you don't have enough time, you might as well push your registration later, rather than just skipping the ACT completely. (Even if this sign-up is for a retake, you can always improve your score, unless you are one of the rare few who got a 36.) Possibly Acceptable Reasons to No Show on ACT Test Day There are two cases in which it might make sense to go ahead and skip the ACT. Scenario 1 You've already taken the ACT, created a list of schools to apply to, and done some research on their ACT statistics. Turns out your first ACT score is well within range for admission even for your top choice schools, so there is no reason to retake the ACT. Odds are, this is not going to be the case for the majority of students. Even if your original ACT score is in range for admission at your target schools, getting a higher score can always improve your scholarship options. Scenario 2 You've taken both an SAT and ACT practice testand determined you would do better on the SAT, so you are going to focus on preparing for the SAT instead. This is only a good idea if you see a drastic difference between your potential SAT and ACT performance. Since you’ve already signed up for the ACT, unless you think you are headed for a disastrous score, it makes sense to take it anyway. If you do terribly, you can always delete your score. Furthermore, you should have made the SAT vs ACT decision before signing up for either test. Reasons You Should Bite the Bullet and Take the ACT Anyway Since the ACT is essentially non-refundable, you should either try to make your original date or move to a later ACT. If not, you’re throwing money and the chance for a higher score away. Below is a list of scenarios where it makes more sense to take the ACT (possibly at a later date) instead of straight-out cancelling. If you’re worried you won’t have enough time to study before your original test date, consider embarking on an intense, short-term study regimen, like our 10-day study plan. You can make huge strides in a few days. And for some students, pushing your test date later could encourage procrastination. If you have an unmovable conflict on your original ACT test day – like a family event or important sports tournament – simply move your test date instead of canceling. If you really think you will not have time to adequately study before the test date, move to a later ACT test date and commit to a study plan and start as soon as possible so you’re not tempted to procrastinate. This is especially true if you haven’t taken the ACT yet. If you’re feeling unprepared, you can move your test date forward. Even if you’ve already taken the ACT, unless you got a 33 or higher, odds are you could improve your score on a retake, opening more college and scholarship doors for yourself. Most schools don't require you to send the scores of every ACT you take, so if you take the test and aren't happy with your score, these schools never have to know! We have a list of the schools that require all ACT scores be sent to them. If you signed up for a retake and are frustrated with your studying progress, don’t give up before you’ve exhausted your options. Check out some of our links below. What’s Next? Need ACT studying resources? We’ve got ‘em! Check out our guide to ACT vocabulary, writing the ACT essay, and specific guides for what to expect on each section – English, Math, Reading, and Science. Not sure you can go it alone? Consider our PrepScholar ACT prep program – the only program in the business with a 4-point improvement guarantee. Need to improve ASAP before your test date? Check out our guide for going from a 25 to a 32 in just 10 days. Not sure if the ACT is right for you? Learn how to find out for sure whether you will be better at the ACT or the SAT. Want to improve your ACT score by 4 points?We have the industry's leading ACT prep program. Built by Harvard grads and ACT full scorers, the program learns your strengths and weaknesses through advanced statistics, then customizes your prep program to you so you get the most effective prep possible. Check out our 5-day free trial today:

Keeler v. Superior Court, 2 Cal 3D 619 (1970) Research Paper

Keeler v. Superior Court, 2 Cal 3D 619 (1970) - Research Paper Example He insisted, upon viewing her pregnant form, the he would â€Å"stomp it out of you†, then pushing her against the car and driving his knee sharply into her abdomen (New York State Bar Association, 2010, p.623). After striking his wife in the face several times, she eventually fainted. Upon awaking, Robert Keeler had left the scene of the crime. Her first move was to return to Stockton where she approached the police, who summoned medical assistance. She was discovered to have significant facial injuries and extensive bruises on her abdomen (loislaw.com, 2010). Upon the advice of medical practitioners, a C-section was performed in which the fetus was discovered to have a fractured skull and was delivered stillborn. Under Penal Code  § 187, Robert Keeler was charged with murder as it was determined that the damage caused to the fetus could only have been sustained through external force. The Supreme Court of Amador County ruled that Robert Keeler could not be held on murder charges or convicted of the crime. The judge in the case cited Penal Code 187 that provides â€Å"murder is the unlawful killing of a human being, with malice afterthought† (loislaw.com, 2010, p.2). At this time, in 1970, most of the laws pertaining to murder and identifying what constitutes a human being was related to very old common law from the 1850s. There were no precedents set that clearly indicated fetus rights and such rights in relation to classification as a human being. This common law involved protections for individuals who had been born alive, and Teresa Keeler’s child had been stillborn. The judge had no legal viability by which to uphold murder charges. The judge further ruled that citing other relevant laws other than those spelled out in Penal Code 187 would deny Mr. Keeler due process afforded him by law (loislaw.com). Though Robert Keeler’s domestic assault charges were upheld, there were absolutely no

Consider the Plan of Ayala in light of the Declaration of the Rights Essay

Consider the Plan of Ayala in light of the Declaration of the Rights of Man - Essay Example This is because â€Å"one’s right ends when another’s right begins†. Aside from that, the Declaration of the Rights of Man was perpetrated to curb the abuse of power of the legislative and executive powers of those that are in position which was one of the strongest causes of chaos and disillusionment among societies. The declaration is supposed to provide utmost transparency of the government’s responsibility to its people which indeed gave way to the close scrutiny of those in power’s action at any moment by all political institutions, thus, preventing contestations of principles and exercising power that only appeals to a chosen few. Some of the provisions of the Declaration of the Rights of Man would be gender equality, liberty without encroaching on the rights of others, right to property, security, resistance to oppression, sovereignty of the nation, laws based on the general will and etc. (Declaration of the Rights of Man, 1789). There are a lot of considerations of the Plan de Ayala in the light of the Declaration of the Rights of Man. First of all, Plan de Ayala was a movement that was surged because of the desire and need to end the tyranny and be able to redeem Mexico and its people from dictatorships. What was happening at this time was that the Mexican people who were led by Don Francisco I. Madero are now taking the law in their hands as the government or any political institution which is supposed to make sure the rights of man is served is already controlled by a single party which is headed by Madero. Aside from that, what rightly belongs to the people are not being served and moral laws are being crossed. To provide concise examples of Madero’s abuse, he clearly went against his commitment to push for revolution which he gloriously initiated to prosper the land. This is because of the fact that he gave in to corruption that defeats the purpose of the National Sovereignty and keeps it out of the equatio n; the numerous jailing and killings of revolutionary elements who helped him bag his presidency so all the power would be centered to him alone; the brute force done towards people who question or demand from him the fulfillment of the promises of the revolution, these people whom he called rebels to cover up to his brutality; and forcing more people into an alliance with him to form a new dictatorship where only their specific interests and rights are served (Womack, J., 1969). Thus, because of all the corruption of not only the people but also of the government and the other political institutions, the people of Mexico took initiative to solve anarchy and tyranny by seeking help from the remaining pro-Revolution chief justices to lead the movement. Aside from overthrowing Madero and Porfiro Diaz, an ally, they seek to regain what is rightful to each Mexican such as giving back the fields, timber, and water usurped by the landlords from citizens who actually have the titles to the se corresponding properties. However for the landlords who do not have documents to support their claim of property, the goods will still be confiscated from the corrupt leaders and will be nationalized - to be given to the victims of war, pensions for widows and orphans etc. (Womack, J., 1969). This course of act, overthrowing their leader is a right they can demand for as it is

Medication vs. Natural Treatment for ADHD Essay Example for Free

Medication vs. Natural Treatment for ADHD Essay Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (also known as ADHD) is an increasing struggle among children in today’s society that affects them at home, in their social lives and academically. Many people think that all-natural treatments are the only way to help children who struggle with ADHD; however, despite the controversy over using medication with possible side effects, Adderall can be a helpful tool in the battle against ADHD. ADHD is a chronic neurological condition that affects millions of children and can often carry into adulthood. Signs and symptoms of ADHD may include trouble staying focused, trouble listening, difficulty completing tasks, fidgets and squirms and tends to be forgetful. Clearly, having these symptoms can make it difficult for a child to succeed in school and in other activities as well. (Mayo Clinic Staff, 2011) Many people believe that medication will affect a child negatively but medications are used every day to help with medical issues. For instance, if your child had diabetes would you hesitate to treat the disease with medication? Obviously, parents would do what was needed to help their child overcome this disease. In the same way, we need to be open to the idea of using medication to treat ADHD. There are many treatments available to help in the battle against ADHD. Medication is a controversial subject when it comes to treating any disorder; however, when medicine is used under a doctor’s supervision and distributed correctly, it can have a positive effect on the problem. When medication is taken, it enters the bloodstream and the key ingredients begin to stimulate the brains production of norepinephrine and dopamine which improves a person’s concentration and alertness. People with ADHD also tend to suffer from high blood pressure and rapid heartbeat but when medication is taken, it can help to get these problems under control and return the person’s system back to a normal state. (Nall) Another method of treatment that is widely used is natural treatment such as dieting and counseling. Some people may see positive results with Natural Treatments but for some children, medication is the only way to get their symptoms under control. Some experts believe that ADHD can be caused by food allergies and that by using the elimination diet, you can locate the allergy and treat the symptoms. In an elimination diet, you remove foods one at a time that your doctor believes may be causing the symptoms. Gradually, you begin re-introducing these foods back into your diet and when your symptoms return, then a diagnosis can be confirmed. (Elimination diet and, 2011) There has also been much thought put into the effect that processed sugar has on ADHD and research shows that it can have an effect on children’s activity levels. Nutritionists suggest that adding high fiber foods such as berries and other fruits, whole grains and oatmeal to your child’s diet that it can help manage their glucose levels and aid in the treatment of ADHD. These diets may be useful in the battle against ADHD but you can’t guarantee that this will help with the symptoms. There are so many processed foods available in the market today that it is very hard to keep sugar and other processed ingredients out of your diet. In order to follow through on the diet, one must make their child’s food and snacks and keep up on a very strict regime to make sure that they do not consume the â€Å"culprit† foods. Not every person can keep up on a diet to this extreme and that is when medication is available to help keep the symptoms under control. Counseling such as behavioral training can be an effective treatment for ADHD. Also available is learning behavior management that can be an essential part of any ADHD treatment. There are three levels of ADHD behavioral training that they focus on: * Parent training * Classroom behavior modification * Special education placement Although behavioral training management can be effective, according to WebMD, most experts agree that combining behavior management along with medication treatment can be the most effective treatment plan. One medication that has been used to treat ADHD is Adderall (Dextroamphetamine-amphetamine). Adderall was approved for treatment by the FDA in 1996 and has become a very popular choice in treatment. Adderall is considered a stimulant medication and according to The Mayo Clinic it appears to boost and balance levels of brain chemicals called neurotransmitters. Adderall helps to improve symptoms such as attention problems, impulsivity and hyperactivity. (Mayo Clinic Staff, 2011) Adderall has many possible side effects that can cause concern, but if under a doctor’s supervision it is considered a safe treatment. (Monson Schoenstadt, 2008) When taking treatments into consideration, one must figure out if the side effects of the medicine are a small price to pay to conquer the annoying and life interrupting symptoms of ADHD. There are many benefits to both methods of treatment. When using the natural methods such as diet and counseling, you do not have the possibility of side effects like you do with the medication but for more severe forms of ADHD, you do not see as high of an improvement rate. Although there are the chances of side effects when taking Adderall, it does have more of a calming effect on the patient. The benefits of using Adderall include being able to focus, sit still, complete schoolwork and help in many other areas that ADHD affects. I know that with my own personal experience as we have walked through the battle of ADHD with my son, it is difficult to find the correct treatment plan that needs to be followed. We tried diets and counseling but could not seem to get a grasp on his symptoms. After being against medication for such a long time, we finally sat down with our pediatrician and explored all options available to us. Our pediatrician explained to us that when people have cancer, they need treatments of chemotherapy and or radiation to kill the disease. In my opinion, Adderall is the â€Å"chemotherapy and radiation† for ADHD. We tried for many years to help our son succeed in school and it wasn’t until we started his treatment of Adderall twice a day that we started to see improvement. Adderall is not an â€Å"instant† fix but given time, it is effective. Our son is now going into high school and not only does he have passing grades, but we no longer get calls from the teachers because he is unable to sit still and pay attention. Anytime medications are used in treatment plans, there is always a possibility of side effects. By going about treatment with medication in the proper manner and following your doctor’s advice, Adderall and other medications can be a very useful tool in gaining control of your child’s ADHD. I do believe that natural treatments are always the best option and should be considered first, but when these treatments do not help solve the issue then you need to consider other options. When your child suffers from ADHD and it affects all areas of their lives, you need to be open to whatever options are available to help you get the situation under control. By using Adderall and natural treatments such as diet and counseling together, you can get control back of your child’s behavior and see many benefits in the home, social setting and school settings. References (2011). amphetamine and dextroamphetamine, adderall. Retrieved from http://www.medicinenet.com/amphetamine_and_dextroamphetamine/article.htm Elimination diet and food challenge test for diagnosing allergies. (2011). Retrieved from http://www.webmd.com/allergies/allergies-elimination-diet Mayo Clinic Staff. (2011, Feburary 10). Mayo clinic. Retrieved from http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/adhd/DS00275 Monson, K., Schoenstadt, A. (2008, July 10). emedtv.com. Retrieved from http://adhd.emedtv.com/adderall/adderall.html Nall, R. (n.d.). ehow.com. Retrieved from http://www.ehow.com/how-does_5406378_adderall-work-add_.html

Genetically Engineered Crops Essay -- GMOs Genetically Modified Foods

Genetically Engineered Crops Chemical and seed companies have been working the last several years to alter the genetic make-up of certain crops to combat heavy pressure from insects and weeds. Through genetic manipulation plant breeders have been able to make certain crops resistant to different types of chemicals and insects. Breeders can alter the crops by adding to a specific plant one or more genes from other related crops with a known resistance to an insect or herbicide The use of genetically engineered crops has become a hotly debated topic over the last couple of years. Environmentalists are concerned with how these new crops will affect the environment. Farmers want to know how these crops will help them to increase production and increase profits. Consumers are interested in the possible health risks stemming from these genetically altered crops. There are three main reasons why I support the use of genetically engineered crops. I think genetically altered crops can have fewer negative impacts on the e nvironment, increase farmers' profits through increased yields, and pose no major health risks to consumers. The two types of crops I will focus most of my attention on are corn reistant to the European corn borer and "Roundup" herbicide resistant soybeans. Monsanto, along with other companies, has developed corn varieties to resist European corn borer infestations. The gene inserted in these crops is called Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt). Bt is a natural bacterium in the soil that produces a protein to disrupt the digestive systems of targeted pests (Monsanto Crossroads). This same gene is also used in varieties of cotton to protect against the tobacco budworm, cotton bollworm, and pink bollworm, and in potato varieties... ...'s Next For Designer Seeds?" Top Producer. Jan. 1997: 32- 34. Keller, Des, Del Deterling, Earl Manning. "Biotech Bushels." Progressive Farmer Midwest. Jan. 1997: 16-18. Klintberg, Patricia Peak. "The Summit of Our Discontent." Farm Journal. Jan. 1997: 36-37. "Making the World's Food Better." Monsanto Crossroads. http://www.monsanto.com/MonPub/InTheNews/BioBrochure/Better.html (18 Nov.1997). "Responses to Questions Raised and Statements Made By Environmental/Consumer Groups and Other Critics of Biotechnology and Roundup Ready Soybeans." Soybean Responses. http://www.monsanto.com/MonPub/InTheNews/Articles/97-04-21SoybeanResponse.html (18 Nov. 1997). "Sandoz Seeds Receives Marketing Approval For Insect-Tolerant Corn (Maize) In the United States." Sandoz Press Release. http://www.novartis.com/textsite/media/releases/Sandoz96/aug06.html (18 Nov. 1997)

Knowledge without Character

Taking a more inclusive view of the biblically-based Seven Deadly Sins, Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (i.e. Mahatma Gandhi) wrote his version: the Seven Deadly Social Sins.   One of the sins he warns of is â€Å"Knowledge without Character,† and to understand why he presents this combination as a potential sin, one must look at what Gandhi thought of education (Hansen). Of education, Gandhi said, The ancient aphorism â€Å"Education is that which liberates,† is as true as it was before.   [. . . .]   Knowledge includes all training that is useful for the service of mankind and liberation means freedom of all manner of servitude [. . . – . . .] slavery [and] domination from outside and to one's own artificial needs.   The knowledge acquired in the pursuit of this ideal alone contributes [to] true study.   (â€Å"Gandhi & Education†) A simple interpretation of this statement requires that those who are currently pursuing a higher  education in a collegiate setting need to analyze their reasons for doing so, and if they find that  the potential to earn a greater income is the primary drive, they are headed down a path of social  sin.   Students need to consider the bigger picture: what can their particular academic interests do  to make the world a better place?   Can the lessons learned in an economics class be applied to  that student’s participation in local government; to a solution to nation-wide obliteration of  homelessness; to increasing the wealth of the entire world so that no human being is faced with  dying of hunger; or is that lesson merely a small step towards making more money for a private  enterprise? A grander interpretation of these words could be applied to the current desire to end terrorism.   Looking back to WWII, the scientific knowledge needed to create the atomic bomb was used without character.   Without taking sides or creating a political debate, the fact is that the United States of America dropped two atomic bombs on Japan, and no other country before or since has dropped an atomic bomb in an act of war (Burr). Moving back to today, it is the United States that is leading the fight against terrorism, and that fight began as an eradication of world-wide weapons of mass destruction—weapons that were made possible and whose force was proven by the same nation that is currently acting as the world’s watchdog.   Fortunately, the United States is getting a second chance: if we are able to combat terrorism and eliminate the threat of atomic weapons and their kin, it may be that the knowledge gained so long ago regarding the devastation of the atom bomb will be applied today with the necessary character by assuring all of humanity that such force will never again be unleashed. The reason that the Social Sin of â€Å"Knowledge without Character† is such a great threat to humanity is directly related to the degree of power that is inherent to the possession of knowledge.   Looking back at the plight of Frederick Douglass, a man born into slavery who taught himself to read and write so that he might better understand his captors and eventually escape his enslavement, it is clear that absent the knowledge of reading and writing, he never would have had the power to forge his papers and flee to the South (Douglass passim). Today, politicians, attorneys, the media, and others like them who generate the information used by society to stay informed must comprehend the responsibility of what they do.   The power they possess to control the knowledge that is dispersed into society demands that they have the character to present all sides of an issue and report only factual details—of course, as Gandhi predicted, the character flaws inherent in the average human being often precludes the knowledge being disseminated in a manner that is completely accurate and/or honorable. Consumers of this information must take it upon themselves to assess what they read and hear and are told with a critical eye, and when discrepancies are found, each observer must demand correction.   The knowledge needed to assess information critically is often honed in the arena of higher education, so individuals involved in academia have an opportunity to gain knowledge and apply that knowledge with strength of character. Patrick Bassett expresses the relationship between educators and Gandhi’s Seven Social Sins in this way, we must continually seek to discover opportunities to challenge our students and to have them challenge us on values issues.   We must continually seek to carve out time to address issues of the community.   We must continually keep the moral agenda before us. When our first and second curricula merge, we teach youngsters to avoid all of Gandhi's sins and perhaps a few of their own design.   (Bassett) As responsible individuals in a world that is partially in our hands, we must each consider the words of Gandhi and our connection to them.   It may be the role of the educator to plan actions, but it is the role of the student to take them.   If this were not the case, the words spoken by Gandhi would have fallen uselessly to the ground, never having been truly heard and incorporated into the lives of those who have both the necessary knowledge and character.Works CitedBassett, Patrick F.   â€Å"‘Do the Right Thing’: The Case for Moral Education.†Ã‚   NAIS Academic Forum.   Dec. 1995.   Independent Schools Association of the Central States. Burr, William.   Ed.   â€Å"The Atomic Bomb and the End of World War II: A Collection of Primary Sources: National Security Archive Electronic Briefing Book No. 162.†Ã‚   The National Security Archive.   5 Aug.   2005.   27 Sept. 2006.   . Douglass, Frederick.   Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave, Written by Himself.   New York: Dodo, 2005. â€Å"Gandhi & Education: Basic Education (Buniyadi Shiksha).†Ã‚   MKGandi.Org: The Complete Site on Mahatma Gandhi.   25 Sept. 2006. . Hansen, Paul.   â€Å"Biblical Justice Consultancy: Gandhi's Seven Deadly Social Sins – A Reflection.†Ã‚   Redemptorists of the Edmonton-Toronto Province.   2005.   27 Sept. 2006.   .   

Current Legislation Essay

Introduction As a teacher I must ensure that current legislative requirements are met. Gravells (2008) states that there is legislation that applies to the entire lifelong learning sector. There are also areas of legislation that apply to particular courses. This paper explains the general areas relevant to me and the areas I must also consider in teaching Business Administration and Planning. Legislation Relevant to the Lifelong Learning Sector General Legislation Although ECM refers to learners to the age of 19, OFSTED applies it to the performance of FE colleges. The Protection of Children Act 1999 legislates that teachers must have current Enhanced Disclosure checks by the Criminal Records Bureau (CRB). The Copyright Design and Patents Act 1988 and The Data Protection Act 1998 also apply. Human Rights, Diversity and Equality The six areas of diversity in law are disability, gender, ethnicity, age, sexual orientation and religion / belief. Discrimination is forbidden in these areas by legislation including: †¢Sex Discrimination Act 1975 †¢Race Relations Act 1976 (amended 2000) †¢Human Rights Act 1998 †¢Equal Opportunities Act 2004 †¢DDA – Disability & Discrimination Act 1995 †¢DDA Part 4 Code of Practice 1995 †¢SENDA – Special Educational Needs and Disability Act 2001 Health and Safety Petty (2009) confirms that the sector has a responsibility to provide a safe environment for learners. This is also where specific needs for specific courses arise. Generally, the Health & Safety at Work Act 1974, RIDDOR – Reporting of Injuries, Diseases and Dangerous Occurrences Regulations 1995 and the Management of the Health & Safety at Work Act always apply. For Business Administration and Planning The Health and Safety (Display Screen Equipment) Regulations 1992 is an example of HSE legislation relevant to my own area. Conversely the Manual Handling Operations Regulations 1992 and COSHH – Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations 2002 do not apply to my work. Codes of Practice I am also responsible for fulfilling responsibilities prescribed in Codes of Practice. For example, I must register with the Institute for Learning and comply with their Code of Professional Practice (2009). Colleges may also have Codes of Practice to which I must comply. References Gravells, A. (2008) Preparing to Teach in the Lifelong Learning Sector 3rd ed. Exeter: Learning Matters. Francis and Gould (2009) ‘Achieving Your PTLLS Award – A Practical Guide’. London. Sage Publications Limited. Department for Children, Schools and Families (2004) ‘Every Child Matters: Change for Children’ [online] UK: Available from http://www.dcsf.gov.uk/everychildmatters/ [Accessed 4 February 2010] Office of Public Sector Information (2004). ‘Children Act 2004’. Available from http://www.opsi.gov.uk/acts/acts2004/pdf/ukpga_20040031_en.pdf [Accessed 4 February 2010] Office of Public Sector Information (1999). ‘Protection of Children Act 1999’. Available from http://www.opsi.gov.uk/acts/acts1999/pdf/ukpga_19990014_en.pdf [Accessed 4 February 2010] Office of Public Sector Information (1988) ‘The Copyright Design and Patents Act 1988’. Available from http://www.opsi.gov.uk/acts/acts1988/ukpga_19880048_en_1.htm [Accessed 4 February 2010] Office of Public Sector Information (1998) ‘The Data Protection Act 1998’. Available from http://www.opsi.gov.uk/acts/acts1998/ukpga_19980029_en_1 [Accessed 4 February 2010] Petty, G (2009) Teaching Today 4th ed. Cheltenham. Nelson Thornes Office of Public Sector Information (1975) ‘Sex Discrimination Act 1975’. Available from http://www.opsi.gov.uk/advanced-search/index [Accessed 4 February 2010] Office of Public Sector Information (2000) ‘Race Relations Act 1976 (amended 2000)’. Available from http://www.opsi.gov.uk/advanced-search/index [Accessed 4 February 2010] Office of Public Sector Information (1998) ‘Human Rights Act 1998’. Available from http://www.opsi.gov.uk/advanced-search/index [Accessed 4 February 2010] Office of Public Sector Information (2004) ‘Equal Opportunities Act 2004’. Available from http://www.opsi.gov.uk/advanced-search/index [Accessed 4 February 2010] Office of Public Sector Information (1995) ‘DDA – Disability & Discrimination Act 1995’. Available from http://www.opsi.gov.uk/advanced-search/index [Accessed 4 February 2010] Office of Public Sector Information (1995) ‘DDA Part 4 Code of Practice 1995’. Available from http://www.opsi.gov.uk/advanced-search/index [Accessed 4 February 2010] Office of Public Sector Information (2001) ‘SENDA – Special Educational Needs and Disability Act 2001’. Available from http://www.opsi.gov.uk/advanced-search/index [Accessed 4 February 2010] Office of Public Sector Information (1974) ‘Health & Safety at Work Act 1974’. Available from http://www.opsi.gov.uk/advanced-search/index [Accessed 4 February 2010] Office of Public Sector Information (1995) ‘Reporting of Injuries, Diseases and Dangerous Occurrences Regulations 1995’. Available from http://www.opsi.gov.uk/advanced-search/index [Accessed 4 February 2010] Office of Public Sector Information (1999) ‘Management of the Health & Safety at Work Act 1999’. Available from http://www.opsi.gov.uk/advanced-search/index [Accessed 4 February 2010] Office of Public Sector Information (1992) ‘The Health and Safety (Display Screen Equipment) Regulations 1992’. Available from http://www.opsi.gov.uk/advanced-search/index [Accessed 4 February 2010] Institute for Learning (2009) ‘Code of Professional Practice’. Available from http://www.ifl.ac.uk/professional-standards/code-of-professional-practice [Accessed 4 February 2010]

As international media companies expand across the Essays

As international media companies expand across the Essays As international media companies expand across the world, the growing popularity and uniformity of some media programs (such as TV shows, movies, fashion shows) is causing worldwide concern. Many people have strong views toward this trend. In my opinion, international media is closely linked to cultural globalization and cultural homogeneity.The dominance of international media is a sign of Western cultural imperialism and has the potential to thwart cultural diversity. It is not a secret that international media is owned and operated by a handful of giant corporations, such as Time Warner. They control large sectors of the media market and place national media companies at risk. The contraction in the number of media owners will cause a proportional reduction, in the variety of programs broadcasted. For example, painting, music and movies accessible in the media have a small number of genres, imposing restraints on one's knowledge of artworks of different cultural backgrounds.In add ition to seizing control over those creative industries, global entertainment companies affect cultural diversity by reshaping the perceptions, beliefs and norms of ordinary citizens in different countries. Most of the cultural values and ideals promoted by the leading mainstream media are of American origin. American culture values individuality, maximization of one's benefits and material wealth, rather than communal life and family solidarity, the values and norms previously treasured in many Asian countries. Unfortunately, many Asian people now imitate American people, causing the alteration of their perceptions of family. This radical change can be attributed to those movies and TV programs that portray the success of American individuals or corporations.The loss of media diversity is also responsible for people's narrow sense of ways of life. The ruling class of many countries speaks English, favors Western food, wears Western-style jackets and even prefers Western weddings. Y oung people are captivated by American basketball and some even daubing the names of NBA stars on their school sweatsuits. All these transformations in life are the result of the audience's exposure to Hollywood movies, TV shows and sports reports. The loss of media diversity will lead to degradation of culture and to a minimization of cultural diversity. It is a worrying trend, as people need cultural diversity to preserve and pass on their valuable heritage to future generations, including lifestyle.As shown above, international media, controlled by a handful of transnational media corporations, is exporting Western culture worldwide and putting many indigenous cultures at the risk of extinction. The uniformity of media programs has led to that of artworks, norms and ways of life wherever international media goes.

Flight Feathers - The Flight Feathers of Birds

Flight Feathers - The Flight Feathers of Birds Feathers are a unique characteristic of birds and are a key requirement for flight. Feathers are arranged in a precise pattern over the wing. When the bird takes to the air, its wing feathers spread to create an aerodynamic surface. When the bird lands, feathers are flexible enough in their arrangement to enable the wing to fold neatly against the birds body without bending or damaging the flight feathers. Flight Feathers The following feathers make up the typical birds wing: Primaries: Elongated flight feathers that grow out from the end of the wings (the hand area of the wing). Birds typically have 9-10 primaries.Secondaries: Long flight feathers positioned just behind the primaries and grow out from the forearm area of the wing. Many birds have six secondary feathers.Tertials: Three flight feathers that are closest to the birds body along the wing, located next to the secondaries.Remiges: A term used to refer to primaries, secondaries, and tertials together.Greater primary coverts: Feathers that overlap the base of the primaries.Greater secondary coverts: Feathers that overlap the base of the secondaries.Median secondary coverts: Feathers that overlap the base of the greater secondary coverts.Lesser secondary coverts: Feathers that overlap the base of the median secondary coverts.Alula: The feathers that grow from the thumb area of the wing on the leading edge of the wing.Primary projection: The section of the primaries that, when the wing is folded, p roject beyond the tips of the tertials and sit at an angle towards the tail. Underwing coverts: Located on the underside of the wing, underwing coverts create a lining at the base of the flight feathers.Auxiliaries: Also located on the underside of the wing, the auxiliaries cover the armpit area of the birds wing, smoothing the area where the wing meets the body. Reference Sibley, D.A. 2002. Sibleys Birding Basics. New York: Alfred A. Knopf

SUMMARATIVE ESSAY Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

SUMMARATIVE - Essay Example e of the countries in the world blessed by a variety of wildlife ranging from a variety of animals such as the big five; the elephant, the buffalo, the rhino, the lion and the hippopotamus. Although the wildlife serves as the main tourist attraction, the country has a lot more to offer. These include wildlife and other major attractions such as, the nice and serene Kenyan cost in the shores of the Indian Ocean, the great Mountain View of Mount Kenya, Kilimanjaro and Abadere ranges near mount Longonot (Baxter 2004, Pp.14-15). As a result of the tourism activities, tourist attractions in other countries such as Tanzania have kept the country with a continuous stream of both domestic and international tourists. Economically, there has been a continuous and steady growth. This is observed in the rate of growth of the revenue collected by the government (John 2003, Pp. 14-15). These are in terms of the taxes collected from various economic activities such as hotels and travel industries held by the private sector. The continuous stream of tourist attractions has brought both positive and negative side effects of the activity. The positive impacts are observed almost in all parts of the economy of the host country. Some of them include; economic growth, creation of jobs, creation of good currency circulation, inflow/creation of foreign exchange, growth in infrastructure, growth in social amenities, and creation of a good international relationship between the host country and the other countries (Elsevier 1987, Pp. 84). To begin with, we will look at the improvement and growth of economic development and growth in Canada (Chandana 2003, Pp. 408-412). As it has been observed through research, there is increased income in the economy. This is due to the increasing income from the tourism sector. It is evident that as more tourists visit the country more revenue will be realized and, as a result, improved economic development. Secondly, we will look at the creation

Treadmill Running and Road Running Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Treadmill Running and Road Running - Essay Example Treadmill running is indoor running whereas road running is outdoor running. A huge difference is made because of the running being indoor or outdoor. When the running is indoor, the force exerted by the muscles to run on the treadmill is lesser than that needed to push the ground outdoor because of the fact that the base of the treadmill is moving also whereas outside, the ground is static. When the base is moving and that too at a constant speed, the muscles of the legs adjust to it so that the runner develops resilience. However, when the base is static as in the road running, the muscles of the body have to exert more because it is only the body that is moving and not the ground. In addition to that, the base of the treadmill remains the same all the time; there are no digs or humps in the base whereas on a road, the runner keeps coming across humps and digs, muddy paths and concrete bases. Accordingly, the muscles keep adjusting automatically to the varying bases. In effect, thi s makes road running better as compared to running on a treadmill because the muscles exert more in the former as compared to latter. Road running is more engaging and interesting than treadmill running. In the road running, an individual has numerous paths of running to choose from. There is so much variety that the individual may choose a different path for running everyday if he/she wants. Choosing different paths makes running interesting as the runner gets to see new things. This diverts his/her attention from the running so that he/she does not get exhausted by running while the body’s muscles keep doing their work. Running everyday in the same pattern makes the body develop resilience and the workout is not as effective as running on different paths. On the other hand, in the treadmill running, the runner does not have any choice. He/she has to run on the treadmill all the time with the same static surroundings. This may make treadmill running really boring and reduce the efficiency of the runner. A runner who can easily run for thirty minutes on a road may become extremely exhausted by running just for fifteen minutes on a treadmill because nothing in the surroundings changes all this while. Therefore, people who use the treadmill for running are strongly recommended to have some other things of interest around them like music so that they keep engaged in their work. Again, road running is better than treadmill running because of the constant change of surroundings. Road running is more cost effect than the treadmill running. When an individual wants to run on the road, he/she does not have to pay for it. All it takes to run is fetch the tracksuit, although running can be done in any kind of casual trousers available in the home. The individual has to buy a pair of joggers as well but that is require for treadmill running too, so the cost is balanced out. There is no cost of running on the road unlike the treadmill running, in which the individu al first has to pay the cost of treadmill. Treadmills have different costs depending upon the size of the machine and the quality of materials used in it. Whatever the cost, it is more than that incurred in road running. So road running costs lesser than treadmill running.  

Adult Training in Canada Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Adult Training in Canada - Article Example Standard of living depends on the skills of the labor force. Thus, any nation’s economy depends upon the skills that the labor force possesses. Education and training are lifetime activities related to the working career but it is difficult to evaluate the training decisions based on the business cycle as there are many other factors that influence the training decisions. As labour market conditions improve it becomes essential to train the workforce. Training is influenced by the ‘business cycle’. As business activity increases hiring too has to increase because businesses require more staff. The staff also needs to be trained and hence as employers add staff they also undertake to train the staff. However, the ‘opportunity cost’ in training the staff is higher in a robust economy and this can reduce the incidence of training. However these are counterbalancing influences which make it difficult to relate training to business cycle. A thorough study would entail examining the entire workings of the Canadian economy which is a long-drawn process. The authors decided to restrict their query to evaluate whether the AETS instruments provide a consistent explanation of training incidence and duration for both men and women. Overall education level increased between 1992 and 1998 and more women opted for university degree. Several factors suggest that training too should have increased during this period. Based on the human capital model training should increase. Besides, between 1994 and 1998 business activity and employment rose, and this also is an indicator of rise in training. However, an aging population would imply reduced training levels. Besides, data analysis revealed changes in several factors that influence training levels. As the education level rose, people became more urban. Lifestyle changed resulting in delayed marriages and late children; men keeping out of unionism and preferring to be in employment rather than be self-employed. Men preferred to work for larger but private firms while women preferred the public sector. All these make it difficult to deduce the training duration and incidence based on the economy and business cycles. This gives rise to the query as to what factors influence an individual to undertake training. The authors draw a parallel between the human capital and the physical capital. Just as the stock and quality of physical capital comprising of machinery, equipment and computers can be augmented through investments, human capital too can be upgraded through training activities. Adults may undertake training for various reasons. This could range from a simple desire to upgrade skills after an absence from job market to desire for career advancement. Participation in training can occur at all stages in the life cycle of an individual. Thus, based on these probabilities, this study evaluated the factors that influence training decision. It further describes the incidence o f training activity during the 1990s among adult Canadians who were not part- or full-time students in any education program. The study is based on a core model of human capital accumulation over the life cycle. Various factors that influence training participation and duration were taken as the variables in this study. These include age, job tenure, hours worked and past education level. The control variables included in the study were sex, family circumstances, region of residence and firm size. Data pooled from 1992, 1994 and 1998 Adult Education and Training Surveys (AETS) were statistically analyzed. The AETS survey (1998) was the sixth in the series but for this study only the data from three surveys were compiled. The purpose of AETS was to measure participation rates for learning and training